Retrospective analysis of omicron in Minas Gerais, Brazil: emergence, dissemination, and diversification

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dc.creatorPaula Luize Camargos Fonseca
dc.creatorIsabela Braga-Paz
dc.creatorLuiza Campos Guerra de Araújo e Santos
dc.creatorRillery Calixto Dias
dc.creatorCarolina Senra Alves de Souza
dc.creatorNara Oliveira Carvalho
dc.creatorDaniel Costa Queiroz
dc.creatorHugo José Alves
dc.creatorJoão Locke Ferreira de Araújo
dc.creatorFilipe Romero Rebello Moreira
dc.creatorMariane Talon Menezes
dc.creatorDiego Menezes Bonfim
dc.creatorAryel Beatriz Paz e Silva
dc.creatorJorge Gomes Goulart Ferreira
dc.creatorTalita Emile Ribeiro Adelino
dc.creatorAndré Felipe Leal Bernardes
dc.creatorNatália Virtude Carobin
dc.creatorRenée Silva Carvalho
dc.creatorCarolina Zaniboni Ferrari
dc.creatorNatália Rocha Guimarães
dc.creatorLudmila Oliveira Lamounier
dc.creatorFernanda Gil Souza
dc.creatorLuisa Aimeé Vargas
dc.creatorMarisa de Oliveira Ribeiro
dc.creatorMonica Barcellos Arruda
dc.creatorPatricia Alvarez
dc.creatorRennan Garcias Moreira
dc.creatorEneida Santos de Oliveira
dc.creatorAdriano de Paula Sabino
dc.creatorJaqueline Silva de Oliveira
dc.creatorJosé Nélio Januário
dc.creatorFelipe Campos de Melo Iani
dc.creatorRenan Pedra de Souza
dc.creatorRenato Santana Aguiar
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-06T21:00:17Z
dc.date.issued2024-08-23
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091745
dc.identifier.issn2076-2607
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1843/1297
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais
dc.relation.ispartofMicroorganisms
dc.rightsAcesso aberto
dc.subjectCOVID -19 (Doença)Pesquisa
dc.subjectGenetica
dc.subject.otherVOC Omicron
dc.subject.otherSARS-CoV-2
dc.subject.otherSubvariants
dc.subject.otherEpidemiological scenario
dc.subject.otherGenomic surveillance
dc.titleRetrospective analysis of omicron in Minas Gerais, Brazil: emergence, dissemination, and diversification
dc.typeArtigo de periódico
local.citation.epage15
local.citation.issue9
local.citation.spage1
local.citation.volume12
local.description.resumoBrazil is one of the countries most affected by COVID-19, with the highest number of deaths recorded. Brazilian Health Institutions have reported four main peaks of positive COVID-19 cases. The last two waves were characterized by the emergence of the VOC Omicron and its sublineages. This study aimed to conduct a retrospective surveillance study illustrating the emergence, dissemination, and diversification of the VOC Omicron in 15 regional health units (RHUs) in MG, the second most populous state in Brazil, by combining epidemiological and genomic data. A total of 5643 confirmed positive COVID-19 samples were genotyped using the panels TaqMan SARS-CoV-2 Mutation and 4Plex SC2/VOC Bio-Manguinhos to define mutations classifying the BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 sublineages. While sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 were more prevalent during the third wave, BA.4 and BA.5 dominated the fourth wave in the state. Epidemiological and viral genome data suggest that age and vaccination with booster doses were the main factors related to clinical outcomes, reducing the number of deaths, irrespective of the Omicron sublineages. Complete genome sequencing of 253 positive samples confirmed the circulation of the BA.1, BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 subvariants, and phylogenomic analysis demonstrated that the VOC Omicron was introduced through multiple international events, followed by transmission within the state of MG. In addition to the four subvariants, other lineages have been identified at low frequency, including BQ.1.1 and XAG. This integrative study reinforces that the evolution of Omicron sublineages was the most significant factor driving the highest peaks of positive COVID-19 cases without an increase in more severe cases, prevented by vaccination boosters.
local.publisher.countryBrasil
local.publisher.departmentICB - INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLOGICAS
local.publisher.initialsUFMG
local.subject.cnpqCIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::GENETICA
local.url.externahttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/9/1745

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