Muito mais do que torcer : discursos, tensionamentos e representações do movimento contra a LGBTfobia e outras opressões no futebol mineiro

Abstract

With the aim of understanding how football fans from Minas Gerais use the space of support to fight against various forms of oppression, this dissertation seeks to observe, from a relational perspective of communication, how social networks are used to produce and reverberate discourses that challenge the hegemonic notion that football is a space in which only cis-heteronormative men can participate in the practices of supporting. To this end, we analyzed the discursive production of two fan groups: Marias de Minas, an LGBTQIA+ fan group of Cruzeiro, and Resistência Alvinegra, an anti-fascist organized fan group of Clube Atlético Mineiro. Methodologically, we used the Protest Circuit proposed by Bart Cammaerts (2018), which allowed our observation not to be restricted to what was produced and published by the two fan groups on social networks, but also to analyze how the news media represents these fan groups and, further, how fans of both clubs receive the issues they defend. The results indicate that both fan groups use social media to demand the right to support the team, with Marias de Minas being more restricted to the fight against LGBTphobia in football; and Resistência Alvinegra, in a certain way, with a broader action that articulates the fight against racism, sexism, LGBTphobia and modern football. Despite the differences between the two fan groups, whether in the way they question the oppressions that persist in football and in Brazilian society, in their representation in the news media and in their articulation with institutions of power and social movements, our results indicate that both groups challenge notions reiterated in Brazilian football (as a sport and as a practice of support) and demonstrate that sport can be used not only as a means of sociability, culture and leisure, but also as a space for struggle.