Avaliação da pressão do balonete: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

The artificial airway is a tube inserted into the airway through the nose, mouth or transtracheal that allows the passage of respiratory gases in order to maintain adequate ventilation. The orotracheal tubes (TOT) and the tracheostomy tube (CT) are the artificial airways most widely used. These usually have a cuff at its lower end to prevent movement of the tube and reflux of gastric contents into the lower respiratory tract. The tracheal mucosa injury is directly related to the presence of tubes with cuff, and the injury is influenced by the duration of intubation and by the pressure on the lateral wall of the trachea. The measurement of this pressure is performed daily and maintained between 20 and 34 cmH2O or 15 and 25 mmHg. The objective of this study was to do a literature review about the cuff pressure. We selected four articles (3 experimental studies and a quasi-experimental study) and a doctoral thesis (retrospective study). The studies showed that it is necessary to establish a routine pressure measurements intracuff well as maintaining the pressure within normal values.