Avaliação sanitária de cracídeos e tinamídeos mantidos em cativeiro no estado de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Cracids are birds of Order Galliformes and inhabit the tropical and subtripcal regions of the Americas. Tinamids are birds of Order Tinamiformes and endemic in the neotropic. Two hundred and twenty five (225) birds, being 130 cracids and 95 tinamids, maintained in captivity in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, were studied, aiming to the evaluation for etiologies of diseases controlled in the poultry industry. Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Salmonella pullorum, Salmonella gallinarum, avian Paramyxovirus type 1 (APMV-1, Newcastle disease virus) and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) were investigated. In addition, the cloacal profiles for Enterobacteriaceae, the occurrence of ecto and endoparasites and other affections were determined. At plate serum agglutination test (SAT) for antibodies to M. gallisepticum (Mg) or Salmonella gallinarum/S. pullorum (Sg/Sp), were detected 20.4% or 27.5%, respectively, as reactive, although none were confirmed by the haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) for Mg or culture (Sg/Sp). By ELISA for antibodies to IBDV, 4.8% of birds were reactive. HI for antibodies to APMV-1, resulted in 8.8% of birds showing significant titers. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated enterobacterium, obtained from 45,3% of birds. Ectoparasitism was observed in 46,6% and endoparasitism in 37,3% and several types of injuries were noted affecting the birds. The knowledge of etiologies and the continuously updated information regarding the health status may enable planning for more effective preventive measures for maintaining captive cracids e tinamids.