Comportamento sob compressão de alvenaria de tijolos ecológicos com juntas de cola PVA e argamassas convencional e colante

Abstract

Masonry structures with soil-cement bricks have gained prominence in developing countries due to their practicality, low cost and ecologically sustainable alternative. However, the literature presents a shortage of numerical studies on masonry structures with soil-cement bricks, with most research focused on concrete and ceramic bricks. This work is dedicated to the numerical modeling of the structural behavior of three types of small walls, with different types of laying joints: conventional mortar (ARG), adhesive mortar (AC) and polyvinyl acetate glue (PVA). For this, the characterization tests of the masonry were initially analyzed. Then, models were developed in the ABAQUS software, using the finite element method. The calibration of the numerical results was performed through a critical and comparative analysis between the numerical and experimental results. The numerical results showed good correlation with the experimental ones, proving to be satisfactory. It was observed that the effect of imperfections at the contact interface between the bricks was more evident in the small walls bonded with PVA, due to the reduced thickness of the bed joints. In view of this, in the next step, a stochastic study based on Monte Carlo simulation was carried out, with the objective of statistically evaluating the contacts in the interface between the bricks observed in the small PVA walls. This stochastic study allowed us to understand the influence of the geometric irregularities in the bonding interface of the bricks, as well as their effect on the propagation of damage and the resistance capacity of the small walls. Next, a parametric study was developed that allowed us to investigate the influence of the main mechanical-geometric parameters of the walls. An analytical study was developed, aiming to develop a calculation model capable of predicting the axial resistance capacity of the masonry made of soil-cement bricks. The analytical studies provided a good approximation of the behavior of the small walls.