Os mecanismos enunciativos no estudo de contos brasileiros em livros didáticos para o ensino médio

Abstract

In the present thesis, we analyze the proposals for the interpretation of short stories presented in five didactic books used in Brazilian high schools for the teaching of Portuguese Language and Literature. In light of Interactionisme socio-discursif, we suggest the study of theenunciative mechanisms - voice and modalization -, in these texts, as proposed by Bronckart (2003), who perceives texts as a feuilleté textuel, which is arranged in three levels: 1) the general infrastructure: a deeper level which encompasses the discourses, their modalities ofarticulation and the sequences that appear in these discourses; 2) mechanisms of textualization, which are articulated to the linearity of the text and contribute to the establishment of thematic coherence; and 3) enunciative mechanisms that contribute more clearly than the previous ones in maintaining pragmatic or interactive coherence of the textand clarify enunciative positions: voices and modalizations guide, in a more direct way, the interpretation of the text and are named configurational. In the present research, we have analyzed the questions proposed by the authors of a selection of didactic books for theinterpretation of short stories and we have proceeded to the exam of the enunciative mechanisms in each of these stories, aiming at identifying their potential in terms of polyphonic analysis. We have analyzed the general questions that help finding the enunciative mechanisms and we have conducted the study and cross-reference of the variables:polyphonic aspect, types of discourse, modalizations and modality indicators. We have concluded that it is viable to study short stories through enunciative mechanisms, and that this approach can enhance the understanding of the textual structure.