Estudos integrados sobre a efetividade da distribuição espacial dos aeródromos: acessibilidade aos aeródromos e áreas isoladas em Minas Gerais

Abstract

The overall objective is to assess how the distribution of airfields and the capillarity of the terrestrial transportation infrastructure in Minas Gerais meet the population's demands. The methodology was structured into three main stages: the characterization of the phenomenon, which involved a detailed analysis of the distribution of aerodromes considering socioeconomic and infrastructure factors; the elaboration of a model using map algebra and the creation of an isochronous map; and, finally, the definition of strategies to identify remote areas, aiming to propose an efficient geographic distribution for aerodromes. The importance of connectivity between air and ground transportation, highlighting isolated and hard-to-reach areas lacking adequate infrastructure, with an emphasis on indicators such as the HDI and per capita income, which reflect the level of regional development. The analysis of travel time by car to aerodromes highlighted disparities in accessibility, with some areas presenting travel times exceeding 90 minutes, suggesting the need for strategic interventions. The methodology is largely transferable and limited only by the availability of geospatial data sources. The approach was implemented to obtain results similar to traditional methods, presenting benefits in terms of time, costs and quality of solutions, especially in identifying remote areas and optimizing the distribution of aerodromes. In the context of the geographical distribution of aerodromes, the study proposes a multi-criteria classification to identify isolated areas and optimize accessibility to aerodromes by car. The case study application provides a basis for developing practical tools that promote improvements in transportation infrastructure, considering the needs of the localities.