Saneamento básico: panorama no Brasil e em Minas Gerais, a partir dos censos de 2010 e 2022 e percepção da população de Belo Horizonte sobre o tema.

Abstract

The present article aims to analyze the landscape of basic sanitation, particularly the sewage service, in Brazil and in Minas Gerais, as well as the perspective of the peripheral population on the topic. The research used data from the 2010 and 2022 IBGE census to generate graphs and maps and made visits to the Montes Claros neighborhood in Belo Horizonte. The results show progress in the services provided but highlight significant regional inequalities in access to them, especially in the North and Northeast regions of the country and in Northern Minas Gerais. The analysis of residents' perceptions reveals a lack of awareness about the concept of sanitation and its relationship with the environment. The conclusion points to the need for educational initiatives and greater public participation in decisions on the subject, reinforcing the importance of the New Legal Framework for Sanitation (Law No. 14.026/2020) as a tool for overcoming inequalities, provided that territorial specificities are considered and equity in access to services is promoted.