Diferencial de mortalidade infantil pelo arranjo familiar do domicílio no Brasil: uma análise de período a partir do censo demográfico brasileiro de 2010

Abstract

With the mortality transition process, there is an observed compression of infant mortality within the neonatal period, which spans from the 1st to the 28th day of a newborn's life. This context highlights the importance of a healthy pregnancy process to avoid negative birth outcomes. During the perinatal period, the presence and health behavior of the kinship network in which the pregnant woman is embedded can be a significant factor to consider. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between household family structure/arrangement and infant mortality using the Brazilian 2010 Census, understanding the infant mortality rate as an indicator of the mother's health during the perinatal period. Infant deaths are obtained from the question about children born and surviving in the 12 months prior to the date of the 2010 Brazilian Census. The household arrangement categories used are based on the structure and composition of families residing in the household, which can be singleparent, nuclear, extended, and composite families. Initially, the study uses descriptive methodology to analyze the differentials in the infant mortality rate among the different types of household arrangements. Subsequently, it employs logistic models to estimate the odds of infant death in each type of household arrangement, including independent variables of demographic and socioeconomic nature. The results indicate a significant differential in the infant mortality rate among the various household arrangements analyzed, and they also highlight the importance of variables associated with the production of maternal health during the perinatal period. The study contributes to shedding light on the differential of infant deaths and perinatal health production among the main types of household arrangements in Brazil.