Projeto de intervenção para reduzir a incidência de dor lombar na comunidade Nova Vista, Sabará - Minas Gerais

Abstract

Low back pain is considered one of the most common health problems with important social and economic impact. It affects mainly the economically active population causing work incapacity with decreased productivity and often disability, thus leading to financial impact to companies, health services and government. They are considered frequent causes of demand for care in the basic health units and search of medical sick note. The objective of this work was to elaborate an intervention project that involves prevention actions to reduce the incidence of low back pain in the Nova Vista community, Sabará, Minas Gervais State. A literature review was conducted in the electronic databases of the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), the Latin American Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) in the last 10 years using as descriptors: low back pain, primary health care and orthopedic diseases of the spine. The critical nodes identified were insuficient knowledge of users about low back pain, inadequate habits and lifestyle of the population (eg lack of ergonomics in the work environment, sedentary lifestyle), difficult access of the population to x rays to support diagnosis and propaedeutic of orthopedic diseases, delay for the specialized consultation and physiotherapeutic treatment. Based on the critical nodes, the design of the operations was elaborated, the critical resources needed to achieve the results were identified, the feasibility was analyzed and the plan management was elaborated. The following actions were proposed: to try to solve the most problems of the pathology in the basic unit, projects of orientation to the educational population - informative (book of gymnastic work) about the disease. We found that workout, postural reeducation of the worker and change of lifestyles are essential as well as educational actions to prevent low back pain and pain relief. The project presented is of great importance for the implementation of quality care for low back pain that provides an improvement in the quality of life of these individuals, minimizing the pain imposed by pain, disability and absenteeism at work.