Relação entre síndrome de fragilidade e instabilidade postural em idosos: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: As a consequence of population aging, the elderly are exposed to geriatric syndromes. Among them, anxiety syndrome and postural instability stand out, which are among the most common causes of falls in the elderly. The high prevalence of elderly among elderly people has been associated with other negative terminals, such as disability, hospitalization and death. Thus, the relationship between these two clinical conditions deserves scientific deepening to investigate how they relate and consequently how to minimize their complications and negative results. Objective: To review the scientific literature on the relationship between stability syndrome and postural instability in the elderly. Methods: A literature review was carried out in the PubMed, Bireme and Scielo databases from April 2022 to August 2022. The descriptors used for the search were: “Frailty Syndrome” OR “Frailty” OR “Physical Fragilty ” AND “Postural Control” OR “Postural Balance” OR “Balance” AND “Elderly” OR “Elderly” OR “Elderly”. The search was restricted to publications in English, Spanish or Portuguese, published in the last 7 years. Results: A total of 887 articles were identified in the search. After analyzing titles and abstracts and excluding duplicates, 11 articles were selected for the study. After reading the articles, 3 were excluded due to the exclusion criteria, leaving 8 articles for review. Note that most studies evaluated community-dwelling elderly and used the Frailty Phenotype proposed by Fried et al., 2001, to assess the elderly. For the assessment of postural instability, there was variability in the methods employed. To assess the risk of bias in the included studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale adapted for cross-sectional studies was used. Note that all 8 studies reviewed found a relationship between postural and emotional instability. Conclusion: Given the results presented, it is concluded that there is a relationship between psychology syndrome and postural instability in the elderly, especially those living in the community. However, the way in which anxiety syndrome and postural instability are evaluated is very diverse, often evaluated from different perspectives. However, it is important to recognize the need for an early investigation of these geriatric syndromes, in order to establish an early and assertive treatment.