O ensino da temática ambiental sob a perspectiva da lei 11.645/2008: o que podemos aprender com os povos indígenas?

Abstract

THE TEACHING OF ENVIRONMENTAL THEMES UNDER THE PERSPECTIVE OF LAW 11,645/2008: what can we learn fromindigenous peoples? In 2008, Law 11,645 was enacted, making the teaching of indigenous culture and history mandatory in Brazilian basic education throughout the curriculum. This law was an achievement for indigenous peoples who fought to be recognized and have their culture respected. However, 15 years after the publication of the law, it still faces challenges in being effectively implemented. Often, the indigenous theme is reduced to a "celebration" on specific dates of the year or isolated in the subjects of History, Art, and Literature. One of the difficulties in incorporating the indigenous theme into the curriculum of other subjects is the lack of available teaching materials. In this sense, this research presents pathways for the construction of teaching activities that encompass the perspective of indigenous peoples on the environment in the Natural Sciences discipline. To achieve this, the study sought to understand the narratives of indigenous people from various Brazilian ethnicities, using Curricular Paths of indigenous students and literature by indigenous authors, establishing connections with the Earth Charter. Based on this research, a path was outlined to connect Western Science and Traditional Knowledge, not in the sense of hierarchizing different types of knowledge or explaining traditional knowledge from a scientific perspective, but in establishing associations between both to build new possibilities for reflecting on the environmental and climatic crisis that the planet is undergoing.