Pathos, ethos e logos em charges de Charlie Hebdo

Abstract

The Charlie Hebdo newspaper has gained worldwide notoriety as a result of its involvement in polemic issues, which led to attacks by extremist Islamic groups. With a peculiar sense of humor, the tone of the effects of meaning generated by the cartoons of Charlie Hebdo reaches all strata of society, especially those linked to the rightist position, whose ideologies oppose the leftist position of the newspaper. In addition to religion, politics, the arts, and economics are also often guidelines for their stories, flagged on their covers by provocative and sometimes shocking cartoons, both verbally and visually. The cartoon, taken in this work as a discursive genre, serves as an attraction factor to the subjects discussed throughout the newspaper's editorial composition. Under a strategy game in search of discourse adhesion, linguistic-discursive factors are involved which are guided by the emotional states of Charlie Hebdo's enunciators. Thus, in this work, it is considered that pathos, ethos and logos come to happen in the discursive mise en scène as a strong capture strategy coming from intentional and rational subjects who, for the sake of a language project, seek to maintain their legitimacy and credibility and persuade the other. This appeal is made through the performance and (inevitable) integration of the three rhetorical proofs: pathos, ethos and logos, through which other elements related to the act of speech are strategically activated, such as the socio-discursive imaginaries, instituted from the knowledge of belief. Given this dynamic, it is assumed that the statements of Charlie Hebdo, on the one hand, influence the emergence of a topic of negative emotions such as anger, rebellion, sadness, indignation and, on the other, positive emotions such as pride, joy, sense of justice, empathy etc. in its audience. Given the above, our theoretical framework for rhetorical evidence focuses on Amossy (2007; 2008; 2014a; 2014b; 2014c; 2014d; 2017; 2018), Charaudeau (1996; 2000; 2001; 2004a; 2004b; 2005; 2006a ; 2006b; 2007; 2008a; 2008b; 2009; 2010; 2011a; 2011b; 2014; 2017), Maingueneau (1997; 2008a; 2008b; 2010; 2014; 2015) and Plantin (2008; 2010; 2011a; 2011b).