Uso de dados abertos ambientais para a gestão sustentável de resíduos de serviços de saúde: estratégias para redução das emissões de CO₂ /

Abstract

This study investigates the potential of environmental open data, particularly from the Waste Transport Manifest of Minas Gerais, to enhance the sustainable management of healthcare waste in a public hospital in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The research aims to optimize healthcare waste management and reduce carbon dioxide emissions associated with transportation and treatment. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, data on transportation, waste volume, treatment technologies, and associated emissions between 2020 and 2024 were analyzed. The results revealed that long- distance routes Iguatama, 263 km, and diesel-powered vehicles account for over 70% of CO₂ emissions, underscoring the need for logistical optimization. Incineration proved to be environmentally impactful, while technologies such as autoclaving and recycling remain underutilized. The predominance of common waste destined for landfills highlights the continued reliance on unsustainable methods. The study proposes strategies such as adopting low-carbon vehicles, consolidating loads, implementing real- time monitoring, and integrating open data to support decision-making. It concludes that data transparency, combined with public policies and multisectoral collaboration, is critical to aligning healthcare waste management with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), reducing emissions, strengthening environmental governance, integrating innovative and sustainable practices, and contributing to the implementation of public policy strategies.