Importância da educação em saúde para gestantes adolescentes no programa saúde da família

Abstract

The unwanted teenage pregnancy generates harmful effects, once the motherhood is referred as a negative impact against the economic, social, emotional and physical conditions. The research proposes to do a review of articles that discuss or approach the problems occurred during the prenatal, childbirth and infant development of pregnant adolescents through a literature review. The evidences search about the importance of health education in prenatal care of adolescents in order to minimize risks and contribute to maternal and child health was realized in LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO and BDENF electronic databases, from following descriptors: teenage pregnancy, health education and the Family Health Program. Were included studies between the years 2004 to 2010, in Portuguese language. The research used eighteen scientific articles, two guidelines of the State of Minas Gerais, as well as two modules of the specialization course in Primary Health Care Family. The results show that teenage pregnancy can result from the disinformation and the lack of family support, especially affecting low-income population. Its consequences affect negatively the emotional, social and biological aspects. School dropout, the economic dependence of parents or partner, the fear of the reaction of society, early ripening and rupture with the leisure activities of their own age group are examples of consequences of this event. The health education is strategic in the pregnant adolescents care inside the context of Primary Care, beyond the knowledge, build links and promote the accountability and self-care.