Estudo comparativo de um ar condicionado convencional utilizando um fluido refrigerante alternativo ao R-410A para aplicação em escritórios

Abstract

There is a global schedule to reduce/ban various refrigerants, due to environmental impacts. There is a global schedule to reduce/ban various refrigerants, due to environmental impacts.However, most refrigeration and air conditioning units in developing countries, such as Brazil, operate with R22. In order to reuse this equipment, it is interesting to evaluate alternative fluids that, with some modifications in the system, make it possible to reuse them. As a result, this work compared the COP during one year of a split-type air conditioning system using R-410A and R-290, as well as TEWI for both fluids. For this, a mathematical model developed in the Equation Engineering Solver (EES) was used, encompassing the system components and the thermal zone. Additionally, climatic variations and their impacts on the evaluated enclosure were also considered. Through this study, it was possible to verify that R-290, when compared to R410A, presented, on average, a 44% higher COP, with a 45% lower refrigerant charge, in addition to a 77% lower TEWI. These values suggest that, from the point of view of performance and environmental impact (TEWI), R-290 is a very interesting alternative to R-410A as a replacement for these existing equipment and even for new systems. However, most refrigeration and air conditioning units in developing countries, such as Brazil, operate with R22. In order to reuse this equipment, it is interesting to evaluate alternative fluids that, with some modifications in the system, make it possible to reuse them. As a result, this work compared the COP during one year of a split-type air conditioning system using R-410A and R-290, as well as TEWI for both fluids. For this, a mathematical model developed in the Equation Engineering Solver (EES) was used, encompassing the system components and the thermal zone. Additionally, climatic variations and their impacts on the evaluated enclosure were also considered. Through this study, it was possible to verify that R-290, when compared to R410A, presented, on average, a 44% higher COP, with a 45% lower refrigerant charge, in addition to a 77% lower TEWI. These values suggest that, from the point of view of performance and environmental impact (TEWI), R-290 is a very interesting alternative to R-410A as a replacement for these existing equipment and even for new systems.