Conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre dermatite associada a incontinência e lesão por pressão

Abstract

Incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) and pressure injury (PI) are problems that affect the skin, especially in the case of hospitalized individuals in critical situations. These events may have a similar clinical presentation and it is essential that health professionals know how to differentiate them. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of the nursing team about PI in stages 1 and 2 and of IAD regarding the concept, identification, prevention and treatment. This is a descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional study with quantitative analysis performed with 76 nursing professionals. The data were collected in October 2017 and professionals were first approached to pass on information about the research and the questionnaire. The instrument was distributed to participants during working hours, and they filled it out and returned it to the researchers. The questionnaire applied had questions on definition, evaluation, prevention and treatment of IAD and PI. The study revealed that, with respect to skin changes caused by IAD and PI, the correct answers were more frequent in questions about IAD. Regarding evaluation, the rate of correct answers was close to the average (56.58%). In the prevention and treatment category, the highest percentage of correct answers was found in questions that referred to the importance of professional qualification and direct care measures to patients. The study led to the conclusion that, among the skin conditions IAD and PI in early stages, the professionals showed less knowledge about the latter.