Análise comparativa de simulação numérica 1D e criação de um conceito veículo elétrico híbrido para redução do consumo de combustível segundo a norma NBR6601 U.S. FTP75

Abstract

Emission of pollutants and fuel consumption are key issues in all engineering sectors of the world. Due to the great dependence of humanity on fossil fuels, it was necessary to develop new alternatives for the means of production of energy, seeking better (renewable) solutions for production and use of the same in order to reduce the damages caused to the environment. In the automotive market, the decision was to optimize the Powertrain system to get projects approved for the global market, among them, the hybrid electric projects have been shown to be a very promising condition due to ease of adaptation and control. Analyzing the meaning of the word Hybrid we have, hybrid vehicle is a project that has two or more sources of energy - a conventional (internal combustion engine) and an additional (Electric, hydraulic, kinetic, pneumatic, etc.). In order to use the second source, it is necessary to convert the produced energy to the set, in order to create a dynamic association in the system. This research will consist of the comparative analysis of several forms of hybridization (two-mode hybrid, Parallel hybrid, Series hybrid, Series-Parallel hybrid) searching for an ideal model for the system. The overall performance parameters of the vehicle such as fuel consumption, power (MCI) will be analyzed, as well as a vehicle drivability analysis, showing the torque delivery intervals depending on the pedal used. The main purpose is to use the electric motor in low load conditions of the MCI, in order to reduce fuel consumption, as well as to improve the comfort in the relation of gear changes by associating the torque delivery of the electric machine during the opening time of the clutch). For this, measurements were made of an actual vehicle using the software ETAS INCA and opened UCE in dynamometer tests in the specified cycle. Using the GT-Suite software, it was possible to develop a model from the experimental data. After the validation of the correlation model, a new concept of hybrid vehicle was developed. It was concluded that the developed hybrid model obtained an improvement between 8 and 12% of fuel consumption in the cycle compared to the measurement and correlation model, in addition to an improvement in drivability given the speed profil in gear change.