Avaliação do uso do gerenciamento de riscos em licitações públicas: impactos na eficiência e segurança contratual

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the application of risk management in two public bidding notices, evaluating the implementation of mitigation and monitoring strategies. To this end, a comparative analysis was conducted in the municipalities of São Vicente de Minas and Nazareno, in Minas Gerais, chosen due to differences in administrative challenges and project characteristics. This choice allowed for a deeper understanding of how risk management was applied in different contexts and how these particularities influenced the bidding processes, especially concerning compliance with current laws and regulations. Currently, risk management in public procurement is gaining increasing importance, driven by society’s growing demand for safer, more efficient, and transparent processes. The adoption of good practices has strengthened not only the security and efficiency of contracts but also reinforced confidence in the management of public resources. The Brazilian Federal Court of Accounts (Tribunal de Contas da União – TCU, 2020) highlighted that risk management is an ongoing journey in which an organizational culture focused on risk monitoring and control is gradually built. In this context, the study carried out a comparative analysis between the former Law nº 8.666:1993 and the new Law nº 14.133:2021 (Brazil, 1993; 2021), in addition to the standards NBR ISO 31.000:2018, 31.010:2021, and 31.022:2022 (Brazilian Association of Technical Standards, 2018; 2021; 2022), Normative Instruction No. 05/2017 (Brazil, 2017), the PMBOK guides (Project Management Institute, 2017; 2021), and the manuals of the Federal Court of Accounts (2020; 2024). Academic articles and specialized books were also consulted to enrich the theoretical analysis. For this reason, the methodology adopted was a comparative analysis focused on public procurement aimed at social housing. Besides the documentary analysis of the bidding notices, interviews were conducted with those responsible for managing the procurement processes, which provided practical insight into the obstacles and decisions made throughout the process. The results indicated that, despite legal and regulatory advances, difficulties remained, such as lack of technical training and an institutional culture more focused on problem-solving than on prevention. The research also addressed the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic (World Health Organization, 2020), which brought unexpected challenges and required a more proactive approach from public managers, emphasizing planning, prevention, and transparency to ensure safer and more efficient procurement processes. Through this study, it was possible to identify the main causes of delays and difficulties faced in the analyzed projects, as well as to outline practical paths to strengthen risk management in public contracts. The results demonstrated that by adopting more effective practices, public administration became more efficient, secure, and transparent. Consequently, public procurement processes in Brazil have shown great potential for continuous improvement, contributing to the enhancement of administrative practices and the ongoing development of public bidding in the country.