Impacto da ocorrência de peste suína africana no comércio internacional de carne suína - 2012 a 2016

Abstract

Animal and animal products trade is driven by demand and increased global purchasing power as a result of an expanding world population, growing urbanization and middle-class growth in developing economies. In order to meet this growing demand for meat and meat products, the world pork production sector has experienced rapid growth over the past few decades. Infectious diseases such as African Swine Fever (ASF) have been controlled or are under control in many parts of the world through eradication programs. However, diseases may appear sporadically in free countries as a result of trading animals or animal products, in addition to people transit. As international trade is significant with respect to commercialization of animal products, the present retrospective, descriptive and ecological study aims at characterizing the world's pork trade Network and the occurrence of African Swine Fever, by considering the years of 2012 to 2016. The trade information obtained from TradeMap was evaluated and cross-checked with ASF data from the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). During the study period, 228 countries were involved in the export and/or import of pork products (fresh, chilled or frozen). About 53,849,513 tons of products were exported in the 5 years observed. In the sum of the period, there were 26 occurrences of countries that were exporters and positive for the disease. However, occurrences of exporting and disease-negative countries were more frequent, with a sum of 527 occurrences.