Osteossarcoma canino: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the primary bone tumor most frequently observed in dogs. Primarily affecting the long bones and occurs more often in dogs of large and giant breeds of middle aged and elderly. The site of predilection includes the metaphyseal region of the distal radius and proximal humerus to the onset of canine OSA in the case of appendicular skeleton. Osteosarcomas are commonly presented with acute or chronic lameness and swelling in the affected limb. Although the diagnosis of appendicular OSA in dogs can be presumed or often by radiographic findings, cytology and histopathology are necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Small number of animals has lung involvement at diagnosis being very important thoracic radiographs and part of the initial staging of the patient. Diagnosis of OSA should be performed as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms, because it is an aggressive neoplasm with a high degree of malignancy. The surgery hardly results in cures when performed alone. Chemotherapy is necessary to decrease the overall tumor burden, prolong the interval free of the disease and improve the quality of life of the patient. Euthanasia can often be indicated as the disease progresses, the patient's condition, and the poor unfavorable prognosis.