Estética do cotidiano: subalternidades em Os ricos também morrem de Ferréz e The faith healer of Olive Avenue de Manuel Muñoz

Abstract

The Everyday Aesthetics directly influences the formation of individuals' subjectivity, as researcher Yuriko Saito (2007) argues. From a careful and investigative reading of the short story books Os ricos também morrem by Ferréz, and The faith healer of Olive Avenue by Manuel Muñoz, I sought to identify the compositional elements of the narratives in order to understand, comparatively, how the aesthetics of everyday life are associated with the context of subalternity of the communities represented by the authors. To this end, it was necessary to study the possibilities of affecting the individual through Yuriko Saito's theory of everyday aesthetics, and its relationship with art. In the second moment, there was a deepening of the concepts of aesthetics and politics developed by Jacques Rancière (2017; 2011; 2009), and their connections with “distributions of the sensible”. Once the dialectical relationship between the aesthetic organization and the “distributions of the sensible '' was defined, it was found that the affects can trigger different decisions, such as pleasure, disturbances or even revolt. It is possible to affirm that, in a literary work, the organization of narrative elements comes from the writers' choices, therefore they are political decisions, since they fictionally propose new possibilities in sharing the sensible. In the third chapter, following a discussion about literature and writing, aesthetics and “minor” literature (DELEUZE; GUATTARI, 1977), a literary investigation was carried out into what this literature from the margins would be, in the case of the authors I studied in this research, the Literatura Marginal (Ferréz) and Chicano Literature (Manuel Muñoz), and how subalternities are present in the aesthetic choices of these short story writers. Also as a theoretical foundation, in addition to the authors already mentioned, I resort to research carried out by Karl Erik Schøllhammer (2009) and Tânia Pellegrini (2018) on literary realism, as well as Roberto Schwarz (2009), Giorgio Agamben (2009), Edward Said (2007), among other theoretical research that supports the topics involved. Thus, it was found that it provides a literary aesthetic, with reality effects, in a way that reflects the daily life of situations marked by systemic marginalization, returning to the subjects their humanity. In the texts, the characters stop being social types and gain a more complex dimension of existence. The state of opposition to order through literary intervention makes the writing of Ferréz and Manuel Muñoz an invitation to the aesthetics of thought.