Educação infantil e desigualdade racial na pandemia: práticas pedagógicas com as crianças negras de dois anos em uma creche de Belo Horizonte

Abstract

Abstract

The objective of this work was to analyse and comprehend the pedagogical practices carried out with black and nonblack 2-year-old children in a day-care center of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, during the COVID-19 pandemics, in the context of racial inequality existent in Brazil. Thus, we followed the daily of the children class, of the families and of the teacher in 2021, in which the pedagogical proposals were carried out through WhatsApp group. It was developed a qualitative approach research in which we observed the practices along one year, applied a virtual questionnaire to the families and interviewed five mothers, one grandmother and the teacher. In order to comprehend the context of Paulinha day-care, inaugurated in 1966, we retrieved aspects from the history of Children Education in Belo Horizonte and in Brazil, considering the structural racism and the racial inequality that affects the black population and the black children. As results, it has been evinced, among other conclusions, that the COVID-19 pandemics affected strongly the black population and the black children that attended Children Education, in the class of 15 2-yead-old children and their families, participants of the research, in which most is composed of black children; this reality was not different revealing the racial inequality also in the context of Paulinha day-care. We verified also that the day-care staff and the teacher of the class made all efforts in order to grant the right of all children to education, even with all the adversities lived in pandemics. We verified that the black mothers and grandmother interviewed revealed partial consciousness of the effects of racism over the black population, but know the importance of the of education of the ethnical-racial relationships for that population. We observed, also, that the teacher reveals great involvement with the children and the consciousness that it is necessary to deepen the studies about the best way to propose and develop pedagogical practices directed to the education of ethnical-racial relationships with the Children Education children. This doctorate thesis allows for affirming the relevance of anti-racist action in all spheres of the society and the relevance that black babies and children have visibility and priority in the public policies in Brazil.

Keywords: Two-year-old black children; families; teacher; day-care center; pandemics.