Programas preventivos para lesões do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA)

Abstract

Introduction: Rupture of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) in addition to being a traumatic injury to the athlete taking the long-term disability, which includes the potential loss of entire seasons, participating in games, training, and have a high financial cost, is still future complications such as osteoarthritis, which affects about half of the injured athletes after 10 (ten) years and almost all of the lesion after 15-20 years regardless of treatment. For these reasons and more prevention programs can provide a solution both to reduce the financial costs and to improve the quality of life and performance of athletes in sports. Objective: a narrative review and analyze the different preventive programs to prevent injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Methods: A narrative review of this study was conducted by searching the databases Pubmed, Medline, Peter, Lilacs, and Scielo Bireme, including articles with the following keywords; Knee Injury, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, ACL and , Prevention. The theme of this research was limited to English, indexed in the periods 1995 to 2010. Results: We used in this review 31 articles. Of the 31 selected articles, reviews and seventeen were fourteen experimental trials. Conclusion: The current studies focus on the neuromuscular training as a preventive measure go through programs that include biomechanical analysis, strength training, flexibility, plyometrics, balance, speed and agility drills, correction of muscle imbalances and improve the sporting gesture. Preventive programs not only showed efficacy in reducing incidence rates of ACL injury also were important to improve the performance of individual athletes in sports.