"Saúde mental", territórios e participação em povos indígenas : uma etnografia das retóricas institucionais em instâncias estatais na saúde indígena de Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo

Abstract

This dissertation addresses "mental health" in indigenous peoples in Brazil, a common category used in the field of Indigenous Health to refer to cases of harmful use of alcohol, suicides and / or psychological disorders when verified in indigenous societies. The term appears in quotation marks, since it is operated with a Western category applied to certain health / illness symptoms when verified in indigenous societies. This ethnography focuses on the construction of a specific policy to deal with the issue by two state bodies on a regional scale, or in the Special Sanitary District of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo (DSEI-MG / ES), responsible for health care for individuals, and the Regional Coordination of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo of the Fundação Nacional do Índio (FUNAI), an official indigenous body of the regional Brazilian State, based on fieldwork carried out in the municipality of Governador Valadares, in Minas Gerais, during the years 2018-2019 The objective was to understand the institutional institutions in the process of building the policy, based on interviews with agency employees, the ethnography of official documents and academic production on “mental health” in indigenous peoples. The importance of simultaneous consideration of territories and participation in the study of “mental health” phenomena is emphasized, however, based on an examination carried out in the literature, few materials combined these two impasses in addressing the issue, privileging the impact of violations territories on indigenous health, the importance of participation in the construction of exhibitions. This ethnography intends to contribute to this gap, as it understands and understands intervention plans on “mental health” in indigenous peoples, considering their historical and socio-cultural contexts in which territorial rights and participation in interferences in both health / disease conditions and non-model of attention proposed by the State.