A utilização dos fatores de crescimento e biomateriais na regeneração dos tecidos moles: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Dental implants are an exclusive treatment modality for the replacement of the lost dentition. This literature review aimed to describe the importance of growth factors and biomaterials that act on soft tissue regeneration. A literature review was performed at pubmed using the key words mucograft, alloderm, growth factors, soft tissue, dental implant, prf, emdogain, prp.The growth factors are proteins or polypeptides that regulate and mediate natural biological reactions, acting in tissue repair events through cell proliferation, chemotaxis, differentiation and extra-cellular matrix synthesis, some factors such as those obtained through platelet concentrates (plasma rich in fibrin and platelet rich plasma) are being widely used. Os biomateriais estão sendo cada vez mais estudados para substituição dos enxertos autógenos, dentre eles a matriz de colágeno suíno (MCS)(mucograft), matriz dérmica acelular (MDA)(Alloderm), matriz derivada de esmalte (MDE)(emdogain) que serão citadas nessa revisão de literatura. Biomaterials are increasingly being studied for the replacement of autogenous grafts, among them the swine collagen matrix (MCS) (mucograft), acellular dermal matrix (MDA) (Alloderm), enamel derived matrix (EMD) cited in this literature review. After the analysis of the studies it is concluded that PRP associated with connective tissue graft did not bring benefits; PRF is not effective for soft tissue replacement, requiring further studies, but is effective in improving wound healing; the MCS and MDA seem to be good substitutes for the ETC, but more studies are needed in the long term; the association of EDM to the coronally shifted flap improves clinical outcomes in gingival recession coverage.