Protótipo de reator para a conversão de resíduos sólidos urbanos em produto de maior valor agregado

Abstract

Brazil has a higher garbage collection rate than the world average, with 92% of the urban solid waste produced being collected. However, the country is still very dependent on rudimentary ways of treating waste (deposits in dumps and landfills), which is seen by the recycling rate below 4%. Inadequate waste management is unsustainable in the long run and is not in line with the UN's proposed Sustainable Development Goals. On the other hand, more sustainable technologies for the treatment of waste are emerging, such as pyrolysis. In this context, the objective of this work was to build a prototype of a laboratory reactor capable of transforming solid urban waste into products of greater added value through pyrolysis. The dimensions of a fluidized bed reactor were calculated using design equations consolidated in the literature. The prototype was printed using 3D technology and its operation was validated through tests at room temperature. It was observed that the project is suitable for the construction of a stainless steel reactor and the consequent pyrolysis of solid urban waste.