Fatores relacionados com a ocorrência de lesões intraepiteliais cervicais em mulheres adolescentes

Abstract

The average most afflicted by the cervical intraepithelial lesions (SIL) is between people with 25 to 64 years old, however, the teenagers constitute a population of high vulnerability to this grievance due to the early beginning of their sexual life, which approaches them to health issues related to the sexual and reproductive systems as the emergence of lesionsthat could cause cervical cancer. With an objective to identify the risk factors that predispose the incident of SIL on the teenagers, it has been made a research with the Virtual Health Library and the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO)of articles that were published in Portuguese in the period of 2000 to 2012. In a total of nine women that presented SIL in the municipality of Pequi and are under observation, four of them are under 20 years old, which corresponds to 44,4% of the total. From these four women, three presented low-grade lesions, and one presented a high-grade lesion. The main causal factor of SIL is the infection by the HPV, but many are the factors that make teenagers susceptible to the infection by HPV, like: early beginning of sexual activity, raise on the number of sexual partners, vulvovaginitis and cervicitis, oral contraceptive methods, act of smoking, the location of the ectocervix on the processing of the cervix, lack of acknowledge about the risks they are exposed to and biological factors. An intervention plan has been realized containing prevention strategies enabling safer attitudes in early sexual intercourses.