On the redundancy strategies of modular multilevel converters
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
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The modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have become an attractive topology in recent years. The MMC has been employed in several applications as HVdc, energy storage, renewable energy, electrical drives, and static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs). One advantage of MMC-based topologies is the inherited fault-tolerant operation associated with the high number of submodules (SMs). This work proposes the study of four redundancy strategies, which can be employed in modular multilevel converters: standard redundancy, redundancy strategy based on additional submodules (RAS), redundancy strategy based on additional submodules optimized (RASO), and redundancy strategy based on spare submodules. These strategies are compared through a case study of a 15 MVA MMC STATCOM. A new approach for the SM capacitance design is proposed, including the effect of the negative sequence current in the converter storage energy variations. The comparisons of the redundancy strategies are accomplished based on dynamic behavior, capacitor voltage balancing, control complexity, and power losses. Finally, the advantages and drawbacks of each redundancy strategy are presented.
Abstract
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Conversores eletrônicos, Eletrônica de potência
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Redundancy , Automatic voltage control , Topology , Capacitors , Modular multilevel converters , Circuit faults, Modular multilevel converter , redundancy strategies , positive and negative sequence injection , power losses, Multilevel Converter , Modular Multilevel Converter , Redundant Strategies , Renewable Energy , Power Loss , Negative Sequence , Static Synchronous Compensator , Capacitor Voltage Balancing , Control Strategy , Literary Works , Upper Arm , Nominal Value , Switching Frequency , Semiconductor Devices , Average Voltage , Positive Sequence , Lower Arm , Grid Voltage , Converter Operation , Proportional Control , Redundant Factors , Grid Current , Stationary Reference Frame , Resonant Controller , Phase-shift Modulation , Nominal Voltage , Point Of Common Coupling , Utilization Factor , Rated Voltage , Design Methodology
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https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7944644