Reabilitação com prótese dentária total em idosos e melhoria na dimensão do OHIP

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the resulting impacts of oral disorders before and after rehabilitation with prosthesis total mucus-supported dental disease among edentulous elderly people in Ibiaí-MG in 2012. Methods: Non-randomized controlled clinical trial with two groups of 36 edentulous elderly people each, who were interviewed on two occasions using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) instrument. In between interviews, one of the groups was rehabilitated with complete dental prosthesis, and the other group was rehabilitated after the interviews. Data from the two interviews, before and after, were compared between and within groups, using statistical tests (intergroups: Chi-square and the Mann-Whitney “U Test”; intragroups: Macnemar and the Wilcoxon Test) with the help of SPSS 17.0. Results: It was found that before the intervention there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. After the intervention, the rehabilitated group showed a reduction in consequent impacts of oral disorders in the dimensions of oral health when compared with their data before rehabilitation or with the group that did not receive rehabilitation. There was a decrease in the impact among those rehabilitated in four of the seven OHIP dimensions: psychological discomfort and psychological, physical and social disabilities. A rehabilitation was associated with a reduction in the impacts resulting from oral disorders in the majority of the OHIP dimensions. When considering the influence of these factors on the quality of life of the elderly, the Rehabilitative prosthetic treatment appears to have a positive influence on their health trajectory. Conclusion: After rehabilitation there was a reduction in the impacts resulting from oral disorders. Public policies must be readjusted to expand access and prosthetic rehabilitation for the elderly, because, in most cases, edentulism and lack of rehabilitation can emphasize neglect of health oral hygiene of the elderly and lack of concern for their quality of life.