Mudanças sociais e trajetórias de gênero: etnografia do espaço e tempo na comunidade Linha da Cruz MG

Abstract

This thesis has as its overall theme the study of social changes and of the gender relations in a community located in northern Minas Gerais, county of Matias Cardoso, known as "Linha da Cruz". To this end, I presented an ethnography of the place attentive to the processes of transformation of the territory that goes back to the early XXth century until the process of land regularization, controlled by the Fundação Rural Mineira de Colonização e Desenvolvimento Agrário - RURALMINAS -, created in the 1960s by the government of Minas Gerais to promote colonization and rural development in that region. Unveiled the process of territorialization (OLIVEIRA, 2004) that culminated in the concentration of various groups in rural areas of the Sertão Mineiro in a Caatinga area, I tried to show the various temporalities and overlapping ways of living today in Linha da Cruz. Given this historical trajectory and its relationship with the new times marked by the implementation of the Programa Nacional de Produção de Biodiesel - PNPB -, created by the federal government in partnership with Petrobras Biocombustíveis - PBIO -, I tried to show how those residents live today and what the entry of a new economy means for their livelihood. For that, I focused to conduct an ethnography attentive to the prospect of women and gender representations in space.