Brain Metabolism Changes in Patients Infected with HTLV-1
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
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Artigo de periódico
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Resumo
The Human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-1) is the causal agent of HTLV-associated
myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HAM/TSP is the result of
demyelination and cell death in the spinal cord and disruption of the blood-brain barrier
(BBB), mediated by a virus-induced inflammatory response. In this study, we applied
Positron Emission Tomography with 18F-fluordeoxyglucose (18F-FDG PET) to evaluate
brain metabolism in a group of 47 patients infected with HTLV-1, and 18 healthy
controls. Patients were divided into three groups according to their neurological
symptoms. A machine learning (ML) based Gaussian Processes classification algorithm
(GPC) was applied to classify between patient groups and controls and also to organize
the three patient groups, based on gray and white matter brain metabolism. We found
that GPC was able to differentiate the HAM/TSP group from controls with 85% accuracy
(p = 0.003) and the asymptomatic seropositive patients from controls with 85.7%
accuracy (p = 0.001). The weight map suggests diffuse cortical hypometabolism in
both patient groups when compared to controls. We also found that the GPC could
separate the asymptomatic HTLV-1 patients from the HAM/TSP patients, but with
a lower accuracy (72.7%, p = 0.026). The weight map suggests a diffuse pattern
of lower metabolism in the asymptomatic group when compared to the HAM/TSP
group. These results are compatible with distinctive patterns of glucose uptake into
the brain of HTLV-1 patients, including those without neurological symptoms, which
differentiate them from controls. Furthermore, our results might unveil surprising aspects
of the pathophysiology of HAM/TSP and related diseases, as well as new therapeutic
strategies.
Abstract
Assunto
Tomografia por emissão de pósitrons, Processos gaussianos
Palavras-chave
Gaussian processes, Positron emission tomography, 18f-fluorodeoxyglucose, Tropical spastic paraparesis, HTLV-1, HTLV-associated myelopathy
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Endereço externo
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2017.00052/full