Os k-ésimos números de Milnor e Tjurina de uma folheação em (C², 0)

Abstract

In this work, we introduce the notions of the k-th Milnor number and the k-th Tjurina number for a germ of holomorphic foliation on the complex plane with an isolated singularity at the origin. We develop a detailed study of these invariants, establishing explicit formulas and relating them to other indices associated with holomorphic foliations. In particular, we obtain an explicit expression for the k-th Milnor number of a foliation and, as a consequence, a formula for the k-th Milnor number of a holomorphic function. We analyze their topological behavior, proving that the k-th Milnor number of a holomorphic function is a topological invariant, whereas the k-th Tjurina number is not. In dimension two, we provide a positive answer to a conjecture posed by Hussain, Liu, Yau, and Zuo concerning a sharp lower bound for the k-th Tjurina number of a weighted homogeneous polynomial. We also present a counterexample to another conjecture of Hussain, Yau, and Zuo regarding the ratio between these invariants. Moreover, we establish a fundamental relation linking the k-th Tjurina numbers of a foliation and of an invariant curve via the Gómez-Mont–Seade–Verjovsky index, and we extend Teissier’s Lemma to the setting of k-th polar intersection numbers. In addition, we derive an upper bound for the k-th Milnor number of a foliation in terms of its k-th Tjurina number along balanced divisors of separatrices. Finally, for non-dicritical quasi-homogeneous foliations, we obtain a closed formula for their k-th Milnor and Tjurina numbers.