Cenas mínimas de crianças e músicas: confluências nos interstícios das infâncias

Abstract

This thesis renews the invitation to pay attention to children. There is not one research question, but several; just as there were several sources for producing the data. The most important questions did not emerge beforehand, but rather during the research; as well as the possibilities of data to be produced: this research is a cartography – the tracking of territories and landscapes as they are constructed and undone (Deleuze and Guattari, 2011, 2012; Rolnik, 2016), here, territories that include music. Among the research questions, the following stand out: what do some children say about music when they are not asked? What do their ways of being inform or suggest in this regard? How can this inspire artistic proposals that involve children? The confluence that emerges as an important line of force in this research finds a parallel in the Confluence of the Arts, via Murray Schafer’s Theatre of Confluence (2002, 2011), where confluent elements do not cancel each other out in their encounter, but rather move together. Music lessons for children aged 3 to 6 were observed at the Centro de Musicalização Integrado (CMI) at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), in order to identify children’s spontaneous contributions to musical creation. The participant observation was conducted over three academic semesters, utilizing the researcher’s diaries as the primary data collection tool. The collected scenes were transcribed into chronicles and fragments, drawing on literature to demonstrate that art informs science and that childhood, children, and the arts require more discursive genres. Concurrently, semi-structured interviews were conducted with artist-teachers who work with children and whose characteristics resonate with the research. A look was also taken at artistic and educational initiatives aimed at children and childhoods conducted from perspectives similar to those of this study, as well as at some aspects of the researcher’s own trajectory – other affective and musical landscapes that can be mapped. The main authors brought into dialogue in the research are: Murray Schafer (2002, 2011), Manuel Jacinto Sarmento (2002, 2004, 2009, 2013, 2021), Willian Corsaro (2011), Spyros Spyrou (2018), Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari (2011, 2012), Suely Rolnik (2016), Marina Marcondes Machado (2023), Deborah Vier Fischer (2019), María Acaso and Clara Megías (2017), Carmen Capra and Luciana Gruppelli Loponte (2016), Janusz Korczak (2022), Ailton Krenak (2022), Alfredo Hoyuelos (2020), Companhia de Música Teatral – Portugal, among others. The research highlights confluences and multiplicities in artistic and musical creation with and for children, drawing attention to what circumvents and escapes the predictable and established, which has been termed the interstices of childhood. Finally, some artistic principles are presented based on musical creation with and for children, from a rhizomatic and confluent perspective.