Os parques tecnológicos como motores da competitividade nacional: fomento à inovação aberta e à internacionalização como elementos-chave para a entrada em novos paradigmas tecnológicos

Abstract

This thesis contributes for the discussion that puts the operation of Science Parks as a positive element for a succesfull entrance of new ventures in new technological paradigms. It starts from the idea that the aim to support open innovation and internationalization activities are essential functions of a Science park to facilitate those companies and institutions to operate in sectors that can be considered advanced or “frontier sectors”. To accomplish this goal, the work presents a literature review on science parks and, most importantly, the results of a search within Brazilian science parks under operation which are considered consolidated. In the work, five experts were interviewed, as well as twelve Brazilian science parks managers. The sample of Brazilian Science Parks was chosen based on a classification made by ANPROTEC – Brazilian Association of Entities that promote innovative enterprises. The thesis suggests, from Brazilian experience, that it is necessary to (re)direct technology parks to turn them into true mechanisms capable of nourishing a catching-up process, based on Perez & Soete (1988) terms in their seminal article and on the discussion promoted by Lee & Malerba (2017), concerning different cathing-up patterns. The main results are that essencial managing elements are identified for brazilian science parks, focused on open innovation and internationalization promotion, and new frameworks are proposed to sintetize the discussion, emphasizing the need to pursue durable, sustainable and agile competitive advantages as well as what we can call the digital transformation of science parks.