As consequências musculares do repouso prolongado no leito em pacientes hospitalizados e indivíduos saudáveis

Abstract

The muscular system is very affected during the rest in bed when the muscles are maintained in the shortened position facilitating contractures and muscle atrophy. The muscular loss occurs approximately 1% to 1.5% per day due the protein synthesis decreased. There are few studies that compare the loss between healthy subjects and hospitalized patients. The aim of this review was to evaluate the muscles adaptations to prolonged bed rest. The search was performed in the databases PubMed, Bireme, Peter Scielo and Google Scholar, Portal Capes and in references of selected articles. This research found out 1640 articles. Six studies fulfilled the inclusion criterias consisting of two randomized clinical trials (RCT), one quasi-experimental, one prospective longitudinal, one descriptive observational and one case control. All studies have shown that prolonged bed rest affects the muscles, reducing cross-sectional area, decreasing muscle synthesis, reducing type II muscles fibers that cause weakness and muscular atrophy. It is important to know about the consequences of the prolonged bed rest on muscular system in order to prevent and minimize the complications.