Qualidade da energia em sistemas elétricos industriais - estudos de caso

Abstract

The rising of the competitiveness on the market between the industries, associated with the electrical energy consumption has driven the development of the technology, aiming to optmize the industrial process and reducing the losses and the costs of the final product. However, because of the lack of studies and specific analysis to apply the new technology, the industries have been suffering losses and outages in their process. Because of that, the consumers and the power distribution companies have been more worried about the Quality of the Electrical Energy (QEE). Researches applied to industries located in the US, have shown that there are three kinds of disturbances in the electrical system that are heavily impacting the consumers: Voltage dips, transientes, and harmonics. The objective of this work is to supply data for analysis and researches for the main QEE problems, observed in the electrical system of industrial plants. The characteristics, causes, impacts and solutions of those problems will be presented along this work. Five real case studies involving problems regarding voltage dips, overvoltages, low frequency transients, harmonics and distributed generation will be presented. In order to prove the efectiveness of the proposed solutions, each case study presented real measurements and software simulations, showing the mitigation of the QEE problems and in some cases even its elimination.