Variações dos totais de chuvas e temperatura do ar na bacia do Rio Pandeiros, norte do estado de Minas Gerais - Brasil: articulação com fatores de diferentes níveis escalares em área de transição climática de cerrado para semiárido

Abstract

Variations in climate elements constitute an important aspect to be understood and considered in the environmental diagnosis and planning of human activities. The objective of this article is to present the results of analyzes of rainfall and air temperature variations, considering the influence of air masses, topography and land use, in the interior and areas adjacent to the Pandeiros River Basin. Located in a climatic transition area, the annual averages of temperature and rain indicate, respectively, 24,4°C and 826,5 mm, with strong deviations (INMET Meteorological Station Januária-MG, -15°26'52", -44°21'58", 468 m). The relief is characterized by flat and convex forms on large hills with low degree of carving of the valleys and average altitudes between 400 and 800 m. Land use includes areas of pasture, agriculture, forestry, natural biotopes (savannah and ciliary forest) and limited urban equipment. Historical time series of temperature and rain data (annual and monthly) obtained from meteorological stations of the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) for the time segment between 1961-2017 and data obtained in the fieldwork (2016-2017) were used. The analysis used basic statistical techniques (mean, maximum and minimum, grouping, trends and standard deviation), synoptic climatology, "rhythmic analysis" and microclimatological and the results showed variations and deviations in total rainfall and temperature and relation with changes introduced in the primitive vegetation cover and land use.