Efeitos do banho pré-operatório na prevenção de infecção cirúrgica: estudo clínico piloto

Abstract

Periprosthetic joint infections in hip arthroplasties are a major challenge for the patient, staff, and health institutions. A randomized, controlled, blinded pilot clinical trial to evaluate the effect of the preoperative bath using 4% chlorhexidine gluconate solutions, polyvinylpyrrolidone iodine (PVP-I)10% degermant or non-antiseptic soap in the prevention of surgical site infection (SSI), in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty surgery. The sample consisted of 45 adult patients submitted to elective total hip arthroplasty, who had no reports of infection at the surgical site and allergy to the solutions used, and who were not nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus. The groups of patients randomized presented homogeneity in relation to the epidemiological and clinical characteristics. The SSI rate between the groups was 20% for chlorhexidine, 6.7 for PVP-I and soap without antiseptic, respectively. No statistical differences were found between the three intervention groups. Caution is needed when recommending preoperative chlorhexidine bath as a strategy to reduce surgical site infection. Clinical Trials nº NCTO3001102.