A fenomenologia da linguagem nas Investigações lógicas de Edmund Husserl

Abstract

This work has the goal of examining the phenomenon of language from the standpoint of Husserl’s emerging phenomenology. We aim to understand the connections between the essential descriptive moments of linguistic consciousness, with a prevailing emphasis to its intentional character. This understanding enables an evaluation regarding the general status of an analysis of this modality of consciousness in Husserl’s broader project of a critical foundation of knowledge and logic. In a first moment, we analyze how questions concerning language and symbolism constitute themselves in the period of philosophical consolidation of the author, at some texts produced in between the publications of Philosophy of Arithmetic (1891) and of Logical Investigations (1900/1). In a second moment, departing from the characterization of the structure of intentionality as exposed in the Logical Investigations, we seek to elucidate the phenomenological basis of the consciousness of meaning, to which corresponds a categorial-rational activity founded on sensibility. In a third moment, we deepen the analysis of linguistic acts following their signitive, semantical and referential characters. We thus attempt to make clear how Husserl’s theory seeks to describe the typically linguistic intentional dynamics, which emerges from a comprehensive apprehension of the expressive sign that is capable of triggering a remission to a correlate object or state-of-affairs, which is not necessarily subject to direct perception. We identify that this intentional redirection of consciousness corresponds to the essential nucleus of the linguistic phenomenon, beyond which we further investigate the worldly and intersubjective inscription of expressive acts and the challenges these pose to Husserl’s theoretical program.