Diversidade e ocorrência de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em campos rupestres

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are important for the restoration of degraded areas and maintenance biodiversity of plant through the of knowledge of diversity these microorganisms in degraded and native areas, it is essential for plans and quality indicators in ecosystem. The present study evaluate the diversity of AMF in reference ecosystem and degraded areas on mountain, in dry and rainy seasons, and relate it to the soil properties. Soil samples were collected in 13 plots of three areas of the reference ecosystem and degraded rupestrian grassland. We calculated the density, richness and composition of AMF, as well as soil properties in each sample. The macro and micronutrients of soil, only potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) varied significantly between areas (p <0.05). In reference ecosystems, the density and richness of AMF was significantly higher than in degraded areas. There were significant differences in the density and richness of FMA among the reference ecosystem and degraded areas (p <0.05). Found 44 AMF species. More AMF species were reported in the areas of the reference ecosystem compared to the degraded area. However, there was no difference of density and richness of AMF between the dry and rainy seasons (p> 0.05). There were differences in species composition between the areas (p <0.05). There was an effect of soil properties on the variation in the composition of AMF species by canonical correspondence analysis. Many of the species found can be used in degraded areas recovery programs since they are already adapted to stressful environmental conditions.