O aprendizado da anamnese e sua avaliação no curso de medicina: uma contribuição ao debate

Abstract

This present dissertation deals with the assessment of learning regarding to anamnesis by medical students attending a mandatory course focused on Primary Health Care (PHC). It aims to contribute to explain to academics and preceptors (physicians who become teachers, mostly without any kind of academic preparation) the assessment as part of the teaching and learning processes. To this end, we seek to identify a theme among the most relevant in the practical disciplines of PHC in order to develop some of the most essential ones. Thus, we start from the construction, with the help of voluntary preceptors, of a reference text for teaching, and consequently, for the assessment of anamnesis. We then went through the difficulties of defining the assessment, a polysemic term with a recent emergence. From the reference text, we established a preliminary reference matrix for assessment, from which we culminate in the construction of a proposal for an instrument for assessment of anamnesis of the students in the form of rubrics. The research had a qualitative character, in the form of action research in education and had the participation of seven preceptors who volunteered among those who provided such service to the institution surveyed in the first semester of 2020 and three students who attended the fourth period of the medical course of the higher education institution of Belo Horizonte where the research develops in the first semester of 2021. As a conclusion of this work we have a text that establishes an important discussion about what and how to evaluate in practical activities with real patients. This discussion led us to a reference matrix for the assessment of anamnesis – which responds directly to the question "what to evaluate" – and to an assessment instrument in the form of rubrics (which is the second product of this master's degree) that, although still in need of testing, seems promising for the end we proposed: the assessment of anamnesis produced by medical students in PHC discipline.