Estudo sobre aspectos psicossociais, qualidade de vida e traços de personalidade associados à depressão gestacional

Abstract

The Major Depression (MD) is considered a psychiatric disorder health problem in all word, since it is present in people of all nationalities. It is estimated that 17% of women meet criteria for the diagnosis of DM at some point in life and the risk of developing a first episode of depression seems to be higher during the reproductive period. The development of depression in the antenatal period is named gestational depression (GD) and can bring severe damage to the mother and the developing fetus. A cohort of one hundred and eighty women who had prenatal care at the Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG) had their data collected during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. It was analyzed in this study, and the subjects were separated into groups high obstetric risk and standard obstetric risk. In order to achieve this, there were applied semi-structured interview questions composed by the researchers responsible for this study; structured psychiatric interview (MINI Plus 5.0); questionnaires of depressive symptoms: Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Scale - 17 items (HAM-D 17), and also a quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). In conclusion, this study corroborates the notion that the etiopathology of GD is influenced by multiple factors. There are psychosocial conditions that influence the development of GD: number of children, comorbidity of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (TDPM), and socioeconomic status. The obstetric risk and personality traits also influence the onset of GD. The quality of life of women with GD is greatly altered during pregnancy, therefore, replications of this study in larger samples and independent investigations of the implications of the results in postpartum would be of great importance.