Indicadores de completude urbana: suporte à construção de opinião e ao planejamento qualificado de ruas à luz do Geodesign

Abstract

The city’s current growth, guided by an automobile-oriented perspective, has led to the progressive loss of the human dimension in urban space. It is observed, however, that the values applied to urban planning are constantly evolving toward safe, lively, sustainable, and healthy cities. The improvement of urban quality commonly begins at the street level, where small-scale interventions have become increasingly routine. This process highlights the need for citizen participation and the role of the urban planner as a decoder of collective demands. Thus, planning approaches based on citizen listening and co-creation are essential for participatory city-building processes to occur. New ways of parameterizing urban space respond to this latent demand for change and signify a break from conventional planning (morphometric, territorial, geometric) toward a new paradigm of urban planning (landscape) that envisions and reflects a more active, equitable, accessible, and sustainable city. This study aims to present a set of methodological experiences using Geodesign as both a process and a facilitating tool for collective opinion-building, as well as the application of alternative urban parameters for planners and designers through the Complete Streets Completeness Index (ICRC). The research was supported by a literature review to refine the index and by exploring Geodesign as a co-creation process contributing to collaborative city planning and management. Geodesign workshops were conducted to test the completeness indicators as alternative parameters for qualifying urban landscapes. Based on the comparative analysis of case studies, a final version of the indicator set that composes the index was proposed, and the applied methodological procedures were discussed. The experiences were evaluated regarding the relative frequency of indicator use associated with environmental, place, and movement functions; the accuracy of ideas collectively suggested during the workshops; and the quality of the designs produced in the propositional and authorial stages. The results reinforced the potential of using the indicators as guides and qualifiers of urban street quality through co-creative planning and its ability to foster transformative learning.