Contribuições do silêncio na conversa eliciada: um estudo à luz da análise da conversa e das teorias de polidez

Abstract

In linguistic terms, the notion of 'silence' can convey different representations, concepts and meanings, and be an individual or collective perception or production. Silence can also mark the boundaries between an affirmation and a doubt, somewhat similar to the function of punctuation markers in written language. A concept that is related to silence is 'pause', which for some analysts may indicate the planning of speech (BUTTERWORTH, 1975) or the production of a complex syntax (GOLMAN-EISLER, 1968; BERNSTEIN, 1973). The pauses can also be related to different levels of perception, as absence of background noise or perceived by the listener as a marker of hesitations or repairs (Duez 1993: 23). Despite the apparent distinction proposed by many theorists (Sacks et al., 1974; Tannen, 1985; Duez, 1985; Nakane, 2007), this work does not discriminate between the terms silence and pause. In this sense, the purpose of this project is the purpose of this work is to understand the functioning of the silences that serve to structure the communication in its discursive, social, cognitive and affective functions. Few studies have been carried out to analyze the silence in the elicited conversation. Observing this gap, this thesis intends to prove the application of the discursive, social, cognitive and affective categories of silence to a corpus of elicited conversation of Brazilian Portuguese, in order to understand the relationship between silence and linguistic politeness. The proposals for categorizing functions discursive, social, cognitive and affective and the types of silence used in this thesis take into account the classifications presented in the works of Sacks, Schegloff and Jefferson (1974), Saville-Troike (1985), Brown and Levinson (1987), Jaworski (1993, 2003), Kerbrat-Oreccioni (2006) and Marcuschi (2003, 2015).