Bacteriófagos em ecossistemas aquáticos

Abstract

The discovery of viruses in aquatic ecosystems started few decades ago. However, there are still many gaps to be filled, requiring further studies to answer them. This literature review addresses the relationship between viruses and aquatic ecosystems, and the way that viruses act on it, describing some of the most studied species, as well as their distribution in this environment and their interactions with their hosts. Mo it describes the main features of the constitution of the aquatic ecosystem, a distinction between subdivisions of a lake and seas, the mode of viral replication and their strategies according to their environmental characteristics. It also has few details of the technical approach used in the study of interactions between viruses and their hosts. The viruses of aquatic ecosystems of various processe are involved in the food chain, acting directly on the mortality of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton, gene transfer between hosts, regulating the flow of nutrients and carbon, diversity and diversification of species. This revision aims to report the importance of viruses in aquatic ecosystems, as well to show achievements the need have more studies in this area.