Consumo e exposição a bebidas alcoólicas entre adolescentes brasileiros: evidências das pesquisas nacionais de saúde do escolar de 2015 e 2019

Abstract

Objective: to analyze indicators of consumption and exposure to alcoholic beverages among Brazilian schoolchildren in 2019 and compare them to those in 2015. Method: cross-sectional study with data from the National School Health Survey (PeNSE), carried out in 2015 and 2019. In 2019 , indicators relating to consumption and exposure to alcoholic beverages were analyzed, stratified by sex, age group, administrative dependency, federation units and geographic region. Prevalence and respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. Results: there was an increase in trying alcoholic beverages before the age of 13 (30.6% in 2015 to 34.6% in 2019); suffer from drunkenness in their lives (27.2% in 2015 to 47.0% in 2019) and have problems with friends due to alcohol consumption (9.3% in 2015 to 15.7% in 2019). All indicators were more prevalent among girls, except binge drinking and drunken episodes, which had no differences between genders, and were higher among older students. Episodes of drunkenness and having friends who drink alcoholic beverages were more prevalent among students from public schools, while consumption of alcoholic beverages by parents and having had problems with their families or friends due to the consumption of alcoholic beverages were higher among students from public schools. private. Conclusion: there was a high prevalence of experimentation, consumption and exposure to alcoholic beverages, showing that a large proportion of Brazilian adolescents are exposed to an avoidable burden of morbidity and mortality resulting from consumption and exposure to alcohol.