A regulação do trabalho de manutenção em situações adversas : um estudo de caso na mineração

Abstract

This monograph originated from the case study regarding the findings in an Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA), carried out in a mining industry, located in the state of Espírito Santo. On the occasion of the interruption of the production lines of this industry for scheduled maintenance in a plant shutdown, the EWA was carried out for the specific task of replacing two bearings of a bearing and a geared motor belonging to the main classification table of iron ore pellets. This choice (demand) was made for a better understanding of the apparent high level of physical and postural effort reported by the PU planning team for the performers, and to understand how the tasks would be performed by the technicians-mechanics, and to identify improvements to the process. With the systematic analysis of the activity, the static and dynamic muscle overload of the trunk, neck, upper and lower limbs by the performers was observed, which would be the result of the postures and efforts assumed due to the spatial configuration of the place where the work was carried out. It was also found that it was impossible to recognize in advance, from the planning stage, all the mechanical intervention needs to be carried out on site, a fact that was evidenced during the execution of the tasks with the discovery of the failure in three rolls, leading the workers to make decisions about agile and assertive way to reorganize the activity, which required them to carry loads manually, in an environment of difficult access and not planned for this operation. The solutions adopted by the workers also took place in a context of scarce time and resources, such as in the bricolage, and took on the characteristics of a micro-project, with the planning of a new maintenance operation and its execution directly on site by the maintainers, these principles condensed in the light of the literature. With these findings, it was also verified that the methodology of ergonomic analysis of work is a great ally to know the real work situations, as it identifies in the evaluated situations the strengths that generate the reliability of the maintenance execution process. -attention, so that they are reinforced and promoted by the organization, as well as being able to identify the weak points of the processes, contributing to the redefinition of tasks and work environments, reducing the exposure of workers to risks that can affect their health and safety at work.