A agricultura orgânica como fator e produto do desenvolvimento rural sustentável

Abstract

The theme of sustainability in agriculture has achieved prominence in society. In this context, 'alternative' productive models (agroecological, agroextractivist, agroforestry, organic), centered on small scale production, through associations and cooperatives of producers, have been identified as a solution for rural socioeconomic development based on environmental preservation and increase in the supply of quality food. To ensured quality gain, certification mechanisms emerge, with the objective of ensuring the information attributed to the product, as well as quality standards and classification, preventing opportunistic agents from emerging along the productive chains, inclined to take advantage of benefits without meeting the demands of practice. In Brazil, the current regulation of organics was created in 2003 (Law Nº. 10,831 of December 23, 2003), being currently the main instrument that regulates the organic certification in the country. This article aims to reflect on the current context of organic certification in Brazil, its spatial distribution in the national territory, the dissemination of the practice itself and the type of certification, proposing a discussion of the various state arrangements and quantitative, and its relation with some parameters such as market access, technical assistance, associativism and cooperativism. The data used for the analysis of this article were obtained in the National Register of Organic Producers (CNPO) and Agricultural Census of 2017, IBGE. There was a relatively robust number of certified organic farmers in Brazil and a growing trend. Both in the general context of the country and in the states, it is observed that there is a dual relationship between organic agriculture and the sustainable development of the regions where it occurs.