Contribuição de fungos micorrízicos na biorremediação de solos contaminados por arsênio

Abstract

The explorer activity performed by mining companies cause impacts to the environment and to humans, in such way that occur gradual soil removal and the generation of tailings with high concentrations of toxic substances, including arsenic. Through this issue, economic and sustainable strategies are searched so that can minimize or solve these contaminations, thus the phytoremediation is emphasized, because it is a strategy that uses plants that can degrade, accumulate or stabilize the toxic substances in contaminated soils. However, like other strategies, the phytoremediation also has limitations, and the finding that the mycorrhizal fungi can significantly increase its effectiveness, researches in this area were revolutionized. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of mycorrhizal fungi in bioremediation activity of soils contaminated with arsenic. A bibliographical survey on scientific research sites, by reading scientific articles, books and theses was performed. The conclusion is that there are lacks of efficient studies in the area, and that requires research to discover new species of plants and fungi that are resistant to high concentrations of arsenic, and along with this find methodologies to facilitate handling, preservation and genetic analysis of these fungi, overcoming the limitations in research.